Creative tourism has existed as a form of cultural tourism since the beginnings of tourism itself. Its European roots date back to the days of the Grand Tour, when the sons of aristocratic families traveled for mostly interactive educational experiences. More recently, creative tourism takes its own name from Crispin Raymond and Greg Richards[105], who, as members of the Association for Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS), have led a number of projects for the European Commission, including cultural and craft tourism, known as sustainable tourism. They defined “creative tourism” as tourism that refers to the active participation of travellers in the culture of the host community through interactive workshops and informal learning experiences. [105] Tourism share: The tourism share is the share of the corresponding share of domestic tourism consumption in each supply component (TSA: FMR 2008, 4.51). For each industry, tourism`s share of output (in value) is the sum of tourism`s share corresponding to each product component of its output (ASD: FMR 2008, 4.55). (See also tourist quota). It is typical of the entire tourism experience to include more than one sector. The combination of sectors that provide and distribute the tourism products, services and activities required within the tourism system is called the tourism supply chain. These chains of sectors and activities often depend on the supply of products and services. Let`s look below at a simple example that describes the sectoral chains involved and sometimes overlapping in the tourism experience: Tourism sector: The tourism sector, as envisaged in the TSA, is the group of production units in various industries that offer consumer goods and services demanded by visitors.
These industries are called tourism industries because attracting visitors is such an important part of their supply that their production would cease in significant quantities without visitors. Employment in the tourism sector: Employment in the tourism sector can be measured as a census of persons employed in the tourism sector in one of its jobs, as a census of persons employed in the tourism sector in their main activity, or as a census of jobs in the tourism sector (IRTS 2008, 7.9). The growing interest of tourists[109] in this new way of discovering a culture concerns in particular operators and branding officers who are attentive to the possibility of attracting quality tourism, highlighting intangible heritage (craft workshops, cooking classes, etc.) and optimising the use of existing infrastructure (e.g. by renting rooms and auditoriums). Domestic tourist travel: A domestic tourist trip is a trip with a main destination in the visitor`s country of residence (IRTS 2008, 2.32). United Nations agency responsible for promoting responsible, sustainable and accessible tourism worldwide. Also known as “doom tourism” or “last chance tourism,” this emerging trend involves traveling to ecologically or otherwise threatened places (such as the Kilimanjaro ice caps, melting Patagonian glaciers, or the corals of the Great Barrier Reef) before it`s too late. Travel Age West editor,[121] Kenneth Shapiro, was identified in 2007 and was later investigated in the New York Times,[122] this type of tourism is believed to be on the rise. Some see the trend in the context of sustainable tourism or ecotourism, as some of these destinations are considered threatened by environmental factors such as global warming, overpopulation or climate change.
Others worry that visiting many of these threatened sites increases an individual`s carbon footprint and only accelerates the problems that threatened sites are already facing. [123] [124] [125] [126] [127] International Standard Classification of All Economic Branches: The International Standard Classification of All Economic Industries (ISIC) is a coherent and uniform classification structure for economic activities based on an internationally agreed set of concepts, definitions, principles and classification rules. It provides a comprehensive framework within which economic data can be collected and reported in a format designed for economic analysis, decision-making and policy development. The classification structure is a standard format for organizing detailed information on the state of an economy according to economic principles and perceptions (ISIC, Rev.4, 1). Global tourism accounts for about 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions. [10] Emissions and other significant environmental and social impacts are not always beneficial to local communities and their economies. For this reason, many tourism development organizations have begun to focus on sustainable tourism to mitigate the negative effects of tourism`s growing influence. The United Nations World Tourism Organization has highlighted these practices by promoting tourism as part of the Sustainable Development Goals, through programmes such as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development in 2017[11], and programmes such as Tourism for the SDGs, which focus on how SDG 8, 12 and 14 include tourism in the creation of a sustainable economy. [12] Hunziker and Kraft defined tourism in 1941 as “the sum of the phenomena and relationships resulting from the travel and residence of non-residents, to the extent that they do not lead to permanent residence and are not related to gainful employment.” [19] [20] In 1976, the Tourism Society of England defined it as follows: “Tourism is the temporary and short-term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during their stay in any destination.
This includes movements for any purpose. [21] In 1981, the International Association of Tourism Scientific Experts defined tourism as special activities selected and carried out outside the home. [22] Victoria Mitchell et al. point out that black tourism appears to be a heterogeneous discipline. There is a wide range of definitions, knowledge production, and meanings around the term. In fact, black tourism practices vary in culture and time. Qualitatively, the experience of black tourism is very different from leisure practices. To fill this gap, existing definitions should be categorized into subcategories to form an overarching model that expands the current understanding of black tourism. [118] In agreement with this, Mr.